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TRANSNATIONALISM AND THE MIGRANTS’ IDENTITY FORMATION DYNAMICS

AnalizaLiezl Perez-Amurao
Mahidol University International College

Keywords: 1.5G, transnationalism, transnational networks, identity-formation

Abstracts
Abstracts :

 This article is a theory-focus paper that argues that in the process of migrants’ transnational living, the children of migrants/ 1.5G eventually create a culture of their own which is argued to be different from the culture their own parents have. The author of this paper maintains that this happens by virtue of the children of migrants'/1.5G's exposure to the milieu of their parents' work destination and their socialization with people whose cultural, social, political, and religious orientation is far from theirs. More specifically, this paper asserts that with transnational living, bottom-up and top-down trajectories of agents of transformation highly influence the formation of identities of the children of migrants/1.5G. To clearly illustrate this phenomenon, the author of this paper used two bipolar views illustrating the effects of transformative agents: from a bottom-up perspective is Herrera-Lima's view called transnational social networks (2005) and from a top-down view is the commonly held one which is a combination of all other influences outside Lima's framework. The author believes that the interplay of the two opposing trajectories can most likely impinge on the identity-formation dynamics of the children of migrants/ 1.5G.

Citation
Citation :

Perez-Amurao, AnalizaLiezl. "TRANSNATIONALISM AND THE MIGRANTS’ IDENTITY FORMATION DYNAMICS." Asian Studies International Journal Volume 1.No 1 (2015): PP8-14. International Center for Research & Development

MONEY SUPPLY AND INFLATION: EVIDENCE FROM SRI LANKA

Dineka Jayasooriya
Ministry of Finance and Planning, Sri Lanka

Keywords: money supply, budget deficit, inflation

Abstracts
Abstracts :

This study empirically analyzes vector autoregression and causal relationship of growth rate of money supply, the growth rate of aggregate output, budget deficit and the rate of inflation in Sri Lanka from 1953 to 2012 to estimate the hypothesis of growth in money supply increases inflation. Also, it tests the hypothesis that, a reason for narrowmoneyis the budget deficit of Sri Lanka. This study finds evidence that narrow money supply has positive and statistically significant effect on inflation in Sri Lanka which accepts the thesis statement. Also the study finds evidence that the budget deficit has positive and statistically significant effect on both money supply and inflation which accept the other hypothesis of this study. On the other hand, the study finds the additional evidence that inflation has a significant positive effect on budget deficit which was not a hypothesis of the study. The empirical results suggest that, the expansion monetary policy cause to increase the inflation in Sri Lanka and one reason for the expansive monetary policy is the budget deficit. On the other hand inflation also causes to increase the budget deficit. Therefore, these relationships show a vicious cycle of inflation in Sri Lanka.

Citation
Citation :
Jayasooriya, Dineka. "MONEY SUPPLY AND INFLATION: EVIDENCE FROM SRI LANKA." Asian Studies International Journal Volume 1.No 1 (2015) PP22-28. International Center for Research & Development.

POVERTY AND MICRO FINANCE: INTERROGATING SELF HELP GROUPS EXPERIENCE FROM CHANDIPUR AND BURDWAN OF EASTERN INDIA

Dr. Manjari Sarkar (Basu)
Head & Assistant Professor of Geography, Department of Geography
Kandra R.K.K. Mahavidyalay, Under the University of Burdwan, West Bengal

Keywords: Poverty, Micro finance, development, SHG

Abstracts
Abstracts :

In India, since the 1990’s group-based micro finance strategies have come up under both Government and private agencies in rural areas with the multiple objectives of poverty alleviation, developing awareness towards health, education and livelihood generation. Conventional financial systems around the world typically exclude the poor. But in developing countries, microfinance through SHG(Self Help Group) has demonstrated its potential for delivering a full range of commercial financial services to micro-entrepreneurs and poor families that are conventionally considered ‘‘unbankable’’ due to high transaction costs, perceived risks and low margins. Therefore, different Government schemes (through microfinance) designed for poverty alleviation among poor’s have become successful somewhere, but do not take into account the diversities of situation at the grass-root level (Drawing from research in interior rural areas of some parts of Chandipur in Orissa and Burdwan of West Bengal). This study looks at the viability of micro-finance and group approach as poverty alleviating strategies. Here, this paper examines why some ‘self-help groups’ fail and what are the real situation of that groups for their developmental strategies through the nature of livelihood generation, training, and development of skills empowerment and marketing of finished products also.

Citation
Citation :

Sarkar, Manjari. "POVERTY AND MICRO FINANCE: INTERROGATING SELF HELP GROUPS EXPERIENCE FROM CHANDIPUR AND BURDWAN OF EASTERN INDIA." Asian Studies International Journal Volume 1.No 1 (2015): PP63-69. International Center for Research & Development.

FOREIGN BORROWING, REASONS AND RESULTS TURKEY SAMPLE

Faik ÇELİK
Kocaeli University, Ö.İsmet UZUNYOL Vocational High School, Turkey

Keywords: Foreign Debt, External debts and exchange rates,   External debts and  puplic borrowing, Economic crises and debts, external debts and Turkey Sample

Abstracts
Abstracts :

The first steps of the external indebtedness of the Republic of Turkey have been taken in the late years of the Ottoman with approximately 3 to 5 million liras as a start and advanced to the discouraging state of quarter trillion dollars in 1.5 centuries. External debt is evaluated as one of the mutual problems of many developing countries in the global world at the present day. 20% of the present day world population lives in the developed countries and the rest of the 80% lives in the developing countries. There is a very big difference in the distribution of income that falls per capita between these two classes and the developing countries struggle in the cycle of external indebtedness and dependence. The developing countries need sufficient savings to be able to make development investments. The countries in such circumstance refer to external borrowing with the reason of the internal borrowing made from domestic borrowing parties such as the banks, wealthy people and the financial institutions causing economical imbalances. In the scope of the article; the concept of the external debt is evaluated, the statistics and data are discussed and it is attempted to make solutions and suggestions orienting the subject.

Citation
Citation :
ÇELİK, Faik. "FOREIGN BORROWING, REASONS AND RESULTS TURKEY SAMPLE." Asian Studies International Journal Volume 1.No 1 (2015): PP15-21. International Center for Research & Development.

COASTAL CULTURE OF THE WEST SUMATRA: LANGUAGE AND RITES AS SYMBOLIC POWER

HendraKaprisma
Doctoral Candidate in Literature Studies Program, Faculty of Humanities Universitas Indonesia

UntungYuwono
Lecturer of Indonesian Studies Program, Faculty of Humanities Universitas Indonesia

Keywords: Culture, local wisdom, sign.

Abstracts
Abstracts :

As the largest archipelago country in the world, Indonesia has sizeable marine potentials. These maritime potentials, both biological and non-biological, are stored in the vast ocean area of Indonesia that can be managed in a sustainable manner for the welfare of the society. Referring to the coastal-culture owned wealth of local culture, geography, and natural resources, it is very relevant as if it can be developed to improve the economic and cultural capital of the region. The hallmark characteristics of Indonesia distinguish coastal areas with other regions of the mainland. The characteristics become a cultural sign that encompasses several aspects, ranging from geography, population, social life, use of language, livelihood to technology. Language and rite are important signs as a symbol of the strength of a culture. This study aims to describe the use of the language and rites of West Sumatra coastal communities that have a cultural resistance—which still in use or valid to date. There are many verbal terms that are used in daily activities, especially in activities related to people's livelihood. Some terms arise from the local custom, while some other terms are created by the myths and beliefs of society. This research finds the cultural values as local wisdom that are found in the form of rites and cultural expressions uttered by coastal communities of Padang City and the southern coastal of the West Sumatra.

Citation
Citation :
Kaprisma, Hendra, and Untung Yuwono. "COASTAL CULTURE OF THE WEST SUMATRA: LANGUAGE AND RITES AS SYMBOLIC POWER." Asian Studies International Journal Volume 1.No 1 (2015): PP56-62. International Center for Research & Development.

BETWEEN TRADITIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM AND IRANIAN “NEW TRADITION”: NEW PHASE OF “EXPORT OF REVOLUTION” IN CONTEMPORARY SHIISM

Kenji Kuroda
Post-Doctoral Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Keywords: 

Abstracts
Abstracts :

In the first step of Iranian new regime after 1979, new state tried to agitate neighbor Shiites residence as it were “Export of Revolution”. The result was not good effect, rather lead international isolation. In result Iranian state followed less ideological path and tackled with religious education for foreign students and received foreign students from outside minority communities. However it is unclear how such Iranian trend has influenced on “traditional” local religious education and how Iranian state tried to establish their hegemony in religious education. In this paper, I would like to explore transformation of higher religious education system and Iranian hegemony among contemporary Shiite education based on my field work in Mumbai. In result I made clear that Mustafa International University, controlled under Iranian government, had strengthened presence of Iran in religious education network. At the same time, I also made clear that trend of Iranian state toward domestic religious segment had possibility to influence on Shiites outside of Iran.

Citation
Citation :

Kuroda, Kenji. "BETWEEN TRADITIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM AND IRANIAN “NEW TRADITION”: NEW PHASE OF “EXPORT OF REVOLUTION” IN CONTEMPORARY SHIISM." Asian Studies International Journal Volume 1.No 1 (2015): PP29-35. International Center for Research & Development.

BUDDHIST PERSONALITY TYPE THEORY AS A HOLISTIC COUNSELLING APPROACH

Dr. H.R. Nishadini Peiris
Department of Public Administration, UvaWellassa University, Badulla,Sri Lanka

Keywords: 

Abstracts
Abstracts :

Buddhist personality type theory is using to guide people to overcome their psychological problems for more than twenty five centuries, which deals with the psychological problems of the person it is not only focus to the psychological state of the person Personality Type Theory in Buddhism which follows Four Noble Truths these four steps to facilitate the person to solve his psychological problems.  As a first step theory guide to understand the current situation of the person as a whole and consider the physical structure, behaviour patterns, thought process, food patterns, and environmental factors, of the person and identify the personality type. From that identifies the causes for the problem such as unhealthy thought processes, behaviour or food patterns. Identifying the healthy thought patterns, food and behaviour patterns, correct way of adjusting to the environmental factors according to the personality type is the third step.  Facilitating to follow the healthy life style is the final step of the process.

So it is clear that Buddhist personality type theory is facilitating the person not only to solve psychological problems alone, but also maintain health as a whole.

Citation
Citation :
Peiris, Nishadini. "BUDDHIST PERSONALITY TYPE THEORY AS A HOLISTIC COUNSELLING APPROACH." Asian Studies International Journal Volume1.No 1 (2015): PP36-42. International Center for Research & Development.

RELIGIOUS HARMONY AND COMMUNICATION BETWEEN HINDUISM AND BUDDHISM IN SRI LANKA

Ponnuthurai Chandrasegaram
Lecturer, Department of Hindu Civilization, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka

Keywords: 

Abstracts
Abstracts :

Religious harmony is a present-day issue all over the world. Sri Lanka,is a multi-religious nation with people of strong religious beliefs,(when compared to other countries).In general there had been comparative religious harmony in its long history. Occasionally, sporadic incidents of disharmony appeared. Sri Lanka is the only country which nurtured Theravada Buddhism for two and a half millennia, in its purest form. Still it continued to preserve multi-ethnic and multi-religious groups and permitted them to continue their cultural independence. As in India, in Sri Lanka too, the earlier Hindu religion continued its universal and tolerant outlook. Political events and the rise and fall of the kingdoms had their effect on Hindu – Buddhist relations. However in practice, the Buddhists continued their worship of Hindu deities. Kataragamais the centre of worship for Hindu – Buddhist worshippers. Sri Pada attracts Buddhists as the shrine for Buddha’s Foot – printand Hindus call it Sivan-Oli- Padamalai (The mountain of light of Siva’s feet).Nagadipa, the little Island in the North, attracts pilgrims – both Hindus and Buddhists.

Citation
Citation :

Chandrasegaram, Ponnuthurai. "RELIGIOUS HARMONY AND COMMUNICATION BETWEEN HINDUISM AND BUDDHISM IN SRI LANKA." Asian Studies International Journal Volume 1.No 1 (2015): PP43-49. International Center for Research & Development.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENT’S OVERSEAS WORK ON THE LEFT-BEHIND CHILDREN’S QUALITY OF LIFE AND CAREER CHOICE INTENTION

Renan Kasilag
De La Salle University, Philippines

Keywords: 

Abstracts
Abstracts :

Using data from a sample of 109 college students from a private college/university in the Philippines, this study examined the relationship between parent/s’ overseas work and left-behind children’s career choice intention in terms of overseas employment, domestic employment and entrepreneurship and the quality of life of their left-behind children. Contrary to the assumptions, result showed that generally, parent’s work abroad is not related with the career plans and quality of life of their children. College course/degree where respondents are enrolled at had the significant relationship with their career choice intention specifically in domestic employment. Further, it had significant relationship with their perception of the quality of life in social acceptance aspect.

Citation
Citation :

Kasilag, Renan. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENT’S OVERSEAS WORK ON THE LEFT-BEHIND CHILDREN’S QUALITY OF LIFE AND CAREER CHOICE INTENTION." Asian Studies International Journal Volume 1.No 1 (2015): PP50-55. International Center for Research & Development.

LABOUR STANDARDS IN THE BANGLADESH GARMENT INDUSTRY: A POLITICAL ECONOMY PERSPECTIVE

Sadequl Islam
Department of Economics, Laurentian University, Canada

Keywords: Labour standards, garment industry, governance

Abstracts
Abstracts :

This paper examines the current state of labour standards in the garment industry of Bangladesh. It explores the reasons why private efforts at firm and association levels are ineffective. It also explores the reasons why government regulations are inadequate, whylabour laws are flawed and often flouted in Bangladesh. The paper highlights the major features of recent multilateral initiatives that seek to improve worker safety in the garment industry of Bangladesh. The paper analyses the problem of labour standards in the clothing industry from a political economy perspective. Specifically, it highlights the importance of the institutional context in improving, monitoring, and enforcing labour standards. The main thesis of the paper is three-fold. First, economic owners and agents at the firm level, being myopic, are prone to maximize short-run profits at the expense of worker safety. Second, augmentation of the “visible hands” of the state in the form of increased regulations and laws is unlikely to succeed under a corrupt regime. Third, for sustained improvements in labour standards, a reconfiguration of institutions involving all stakeholders is necessary.

Citation
Citation :

Islam, Sadequl. "LABOUR STANDARDS IN THE BANGLADESH GARMENT INDUSTRY: A POLITICAL ECONOMY PERSPECTIVE." Asian Studies International Journal Volume 1.No 1 (2015): PP1-7. International Center for Research & Development.

NORTH KOREAN GOVERNMENT-OPERATED RESTAURANTS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

Simon Duncan

Keywords: North Korea, Southeast Asia, restaurants, Cambodia, Laos

Abstracts
Abstracts :

Plenty has been written about relations between Japan, China and South Korea with Southeast Asia, but there is far less examining North Korea and their relationship with this region. During the cold war North Korea interacted primarily with China, the USSR and other European countries behind the so called “Iron Curtain”. Following the collapse of communist countries in Europe, North Korea has had increasing dealings with Southeast Asia. This paper explores the topic of North-Korean Government operated restaurants in Southeast Asia. The restaurants are located in a number of countries in the region, including Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam. In the past there were also restaurants in Thailand and there are also a number of restaurants in China and several other countries outside of Southeast Asia. Why did they establish restaurants first in Siem Reap first rather than say Kuala Lumpur? Why did the North Korean government decide to open restaurants rather than attempt to make money another way and what purposes do they serve in addition to generating revenue? The paper focuses on restaurants in Cambodia and Laos.

Citation
Citation :

Duncan, Simon. "NORTH KOREAN GOVERNMENT-OPERATED RESTAURANTS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA." Asian Studies International Journal Volume 1.No 1 (2015): PP70-73. International Center for Research & Development.

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